Đề thi thử đại học năm 2014 môn thi: Tiếng Anh – Đề số 41

tops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term memories.
 Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long term memory and used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorization.
Question 51. According to the passage, how do memories get transferred to the STM?
 A. They revert from the long term memory.	B. They are filtered from the sensory storage area.
 C. They get chunked when they enter the brain.	D. They enter via the nervous system.
Question 52. The word elapses in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to____.
 A. passes	B. adds up	C. appears	D. continues
Question 53. All of the following are mentioned as places in which memories are stored EXCEPT the:
 A. STM	B. long term memory	C. sensory storage area	D. maintenance area
Question 54. Why does the author mention a dog's bark?
 A. To give an example of a type of memory	B. To provide a type of interruption
 C. To prove that dogs have better memories than humans	D. To compare another sound that is loud like a doorbell
Question 55. How do theorists believe a person can remember more information in a short time?
 A. By organizing it	B. By repeating it	C. By giving it a name	D. By drawing it
Question 56. The author believes that rote rotation is____.
 A. the best way to remember something	B. more efficient than chunking
 C. ineffective in the long run	D. an unnecessary interruption
Question 57. The word elaborate in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to____.
 A. complex	B. efficient	C. pretty	D. regular
Question 58. Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?
 A. The working memory is the same as the short term memory. B. A memory is kept alive through constant repetition.
 C. Cues help people to recognize information.	 D. Multiple choice exams are the most difficult.
Question 59. The word cues in the passage is closest in meaning to____.
 A. questions	B. clues	C. images	D. tests
Question 60. Which of the following best provides the important information in the bold sentence from the passage. Incorrect answer choices leave out essential information or change the meaning of it
 A. Prompting is the easiest way to retrieve short term memory after an extended period of time.
 B. A memory can be retrieved by prompting, in a case where it has been rarely used.
 C. It's easier to remember short term memories than long term memories due to regular prompts.
 D. Recalling a long term memory that is often used is easy, while forgotten memories often require prompting.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 61 to 70.
 The lack of printing regulations and the unenforceability of British copyright law in the American colonies made it possible for colonial printers occasionally to act as publishers. Although they rarely undertook major publishing project because it was difficult to sell books as cheaply as they could be imported from Europe, printers in Philadelphia did publish work that required only small amounts of capital, paper, and type. Broadsides could be published with minimal financial risk. Consisting of only one sheet of paper and requiring small amounts of type, broadsides involved lower investments of capital than longer works. Furthermore, the broadside format lent itself to subjects of high, if temporary, interest, enabling them to meet with ready sale. If the broadside printer miscalculated, however, and produced a sheet that did not sell, it was not likely to be a major loss, and the printer would know this immediately. There would be no agonizing wait with large amounts of capital tied up, books gathering dust on the shelves, and creditors impatient for payment.
 In addition to broadsides, books and pamphlets, consisting mainly of political tracts, catechisms, primers, and chapbooks were relatively inexpensive to print and to buy. Chapbook were pamphlet-sized books, usually containing popular tales, ballads, poems, short plays, and jokes, small, both in formal and number of pages, they were generally bound simply, in boards (a form of cardboard) or merely stitched in paper wrappers (a sewn antecedent of modern-day paperbacks). Pamphlets and chapbooks did not require fine paper or a great deal of type to produce they could thus be printed in large, cost-effective editions and sold cheaply.
 By far, the most appealing publishing investments were to be found in small books that had proven to be steady sellers, providing a reasonably reliable source of income for the publisher. They would not, by nature, be highly topical or political, as such publications would prove of fleeting interest. Almanacs, annual publications that contained information on astronomy and weather patterns arranged according to the days, week, and months of a given year, provided the perfect steady seller because their information pertained to the locale in which they would be used
Question 61. Which aspect of colonial printing does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Laws governing the printing industry.	B. Competition among printers
C. Types of publications produced	D. Advances in printing technology
Question 62. According to the passage, why did colonial printers avoid major publishing projects?
A. Few colonial printers owned printing machinery that was large enough to handle major projects.
B. There was inadequate shipping available in the colonies.
C. Colonial printers could not sell their work for a competitive price.
D. Colonial printers did not have the skills necessary to undertake large publishing projects.
Question 63. Broadsides could be published with little risk to colonial printers because they____.
A. required a small financial investment and sold quickly B. were in great demand in European markets
C. were more popular with colonists than chapbooks and pamphlets
D. generally dealt with topics of long-term interest to many colonists
Question 64. The word "they" refers to____.
A. chapbooks	B. tales	C. jokes	D. pages
Question 65. The word "antecedent" is closest in meaning to____.
A. predecessor	B. format	C. imitation	D. component
Question 66. Chapbooks produced in colonial America were characterized by____.
A. fine paper	B. cardboard covers	C. elaborate decoration	D. a large number of pages
Question 67. The word "appealing" is closest in meaning to____.
A. dependable	B. respectable	C. enduring	D. attractive
Question 68. What were "steady sellers"?
A. Printers whose incomes were quite large B. People who traveled from town to town selling Books and pamphlets
C. Investors who provided reliable financial Support for new printers
D. Publications whose sales were usually consistent from year to year
Question 69. The word "locale" is closest in meaning to____.
A. topic	B. season	C. interest	D. place
Question 70. All of the following are defined in the passage EXCEPT____.
A "Broadsides" 	B. "catechisms" 	C "chapbooks” 	D. "Almanacs" 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 71 to 80 The texting pigeons
Not everybody recognises the benefits of new developments in communications technology. Indeed, some people fear that text messaging may actually be having a negative (71)___ on young people's communication and language skills, especially when we hear that primary school children may be at (72)____ of becoming addicted to the habit. So widespread has texting become, however, that even pigeons have started doing it. (73) ___, in this case, it's difficult to view the results as anything but positive.
 	Twenty of the birds are about to (74) ____ to the skies with the task of measuring air pollution, each (75) ____ with sensor equipment and a mobile phone. The (76) ____ made by the sensors will be automatically (77) ___ into text messages and beamed to the Internet - where they will appear on a dedicated 'pigeon blog'.
 	The birds will also each have a GPS receiver and a camera to capture aerial photos, and researchers are building a tiny 'pigeon kit' containing all these (78)___. Each bird will carry these in a miniature backpack, (79) ___ , that is, from the camera, which will hang around its neck.
 	The data the pigeons text will be displayed in the (80) ____of an interactive map, which will provide local residents with up-to-the-minute information on their local air quality.
Question 71.
A. result
B. outcome
C effect 
D conclusion
Question 72.
A danger 
B threat 
C risk 
D peril
Question 73.
A Therefore 
B What's more 
C Whereas 
D That is
Question 74.
A make 
B launch 
C reach 
D take
Question 75.
A armed 
B loaded 
C granted 
D stocked
Question 76.
A studies 
B readings 
C reviews 
D inquiries
Question 77.
A adapted 
B converted 
C revised 
D applied
Question 78.
A gadgets 
B utensils 
C appliances 
D implements
Question 79.
A instead 
B except 
C apart 
D besides
Question 80.
A. shape
B. way
C. form
D. size
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