Đề thi thử đại học năm 2014 môn thi: Tiếng Anh – Đề số 10
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 1 to 10.
Whenever we read about the natural world nowadays, it is generally to be given dire presdictions about its imminent destruction. Some scientists go so (1) ____ as to assert that from now on, the world can no longer be called “natural”, in so far as future processes of weather, (2) ____, and all the interactions of plant and animal life will no longer carry on in their time honored way, unaffected by (3) ____. There will never be such a thing as “natural weather” again, say such writers, only weather (4) ____ by global warming. It is hard to know whether to believe such prophets of doom, possibly because what they are saying seems too terrible to be (5) ____ There are other equally influential scientists who argue that climate, for example, has changed many times over the (6) ____, and that what we are experiencing now may simply be part of an endless cycle of change, rather than a disaster on a global (7) _____. One cannot help wondering these attempts to wish the problem be away simply underline the extent to which western industrialized countries are to blame for upsetting the world’s (8) _____. It is not our fault, they seem to be saying, because everything is all right, really! One certain (9) _____ which is chilling in its implications, is that there is no longer anywhere on the earth’s (10) _____, whether in the depths of the oceans or in the polar wastes, which is not stained by polluted air or littered, with empty cans and bottles. Now we are having to come to terms with understanding just what that means, and it is far from easy.
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30 percent of the Sun’s incoming energy_________ A. is stored in clouds in the lower latitudes. B. is transported by ocean currents. C. never leaves the upper atmosphere. D. gets stored as latent heat. Question 52: The underlined word “it” refers to_______ A. square meter B. the Sun’s energy C. latent heat D. the atmosphere Question 53: The word “primarily” is closest in meaning to __________ A. chiefly B. originally C. basically D. clearly Question 54: The word “prevailing” is closest in meaning to _________ A. essential B. dominant C. circular D. closest Question 55: All of the following words/ phrases are defined in the passage EXCEPT________ A. low latitudes (line 1st) B. latent heat (line 4th) C. evaporate (line 6th) D. atmosphere (line 10th) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 56 to 65. Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. When this short amount of time elapses, however, the numbers are erased from the memory. How did the information get there in the first place? Information that makes its way to the short term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain has a filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the STM, also known as the working memory. There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short term memory. The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that one can increase the capacity of the short term memory by chunking, or classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long term storage When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for an exam, many people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice "elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term memories. Encoding information semantically also makes it more retrievable. Retrieving information can be done by recognition or recall. Humans can easily recall memories that are stored in the long term memory and used often; however, if a memory seems to be forgotten, it may eventually be retrieved by prompting. The more cues a person is given (such as pictures), the more likely a memory can be retrieved. This is why multiple choice tests are often used for subjects that require a lot of memorization. Question 56: According to the passage, how do memories get transferred to the STM? A.They revert from the long term memory. B.They are filtered from the sensory storage area. C.They get chunked when they enter the brain. D.They enter via the nervous system. Question 57: The word “elapses” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to____. A. passes B. adds up C. appears D. continues Question 58: All of the following are mentioned as places in which memories are stored EXCEPT the____. A. STM B. long term memory C. sensory storage area D. maintenance area Question 59: Why does the author mention a dog's bark? A. To give an example of a type of memory B. To provide a type of interruption C. To prove that dogs have better memories than humans D. To compare another sound that is loud like a doorbell Question 60: How do theorists believe a person can remember more information in a short time? A. By organizing it B. By repeating it C. By giving it a name D. By drawing it Question 61: The author believes that rote rotation is____. A. the best way to remember something B. more efficient than chunking C. ineffective in the long run D. an unnecessary interruption Question 62: The word “it” in the last paragraph refers to____. A. encoding B. STM C. semantics D. information Question 63: The word “elaborate” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to____. A. complex B. efficient C. pretty D. regular Question 64: Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage? A. The working memory is the same as the short term memory. B. A memory is kept alive through constant repetition. C. Cues help people to recognize information. D. Multiple choice exams are the most difficult. Question 65: The word “cues” in the passage is closest in meaning to____. A. questions B. clues C. images D. tests Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. Question 66: It is essential that vitamins are supplied either by foods or by supplementary tablets for normal growth to occur. A B C D Question 67: Bacteria lives in the soil play a vital role in recyclying the carbon and nitrogen needed by plants A B C D Question 68: The number of women earning Master's Degrees have risen sharply in recent years. A B C D Question 69: The extent which an individual is a product of either heredity or environment cannot be proved, but several theories have been proposed. A B C D Question 70: Due to the popularity of the stars, theater patrons advised to contact the box office as soon as possible A B C D Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 71: “Make good use of your time. You won’t get such an opportunity again” said he to me. A. He ordered me to make use of my time saying that I wouldn’t get an opportunity again B. He offered me such an opportunity so that I could make good use of my time. C. He let me make use of my time because I wouldn’t get an opportunity again. D. He advised me to make use of my time as I wouldn’t get an opportunity again. Question 72: Her living conditions were difficult. However, she studied very well. A. Difficult as her living conditions, she studied very well. B. She studied very well thanks to the fact that she lived in difficult conditions. C. She studied very well in spite of her difficult living conditions. D. Although she lived in difficult conditions, but she studied very well. Question 73: You won’t be allowed in until your identity has been checked. A. It is not until your identity has been checked will you be allowed in. B. Not until your identity has been checked that you will be allowed in C. You will be allowed in unless your identity has been checked. D. Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in. Question 74: You’d be welcome to join us if you changed your mind. A. You didn’t change your mind, so we weren’t welcome to join you. B. If it were not for your mind, you had been welcome to join us. C. We are welcome to join you unless you change your mind. D. Were you to change your mind, you would be welcome to join us Question 75: The thing that impressed me more than anything else was your generosity. A. Your generosity impresssed me more than anything else. B. It is your generosity that I impressed more than anything else. C. All what I impressed more than anything else was your generosity. D. Your generosity makes me impressed more than anything else. Question 76: She said “How pleasant! Jane comes to dinner with us” A. She said with joyfully that Jane came to dinner with us. B. She cried joyfully that Jane came to dinner with them. C. She was very delightedly that Jane came to dinner with them. D. She said that it is pleasant because Jane comes to dinner with them. Question 77: He applied for the job abroad because he wanted to earn more money. A. With a view of earning more money, he applied for the job abroad. B. He applied for a job abroad in order to he could earn more money. C. So as to earn more money, he applies for a job abroad. D. To earn more money was the reason why he applied for a job abroad. Question 78: I had an irresistible urge to buy the painting because it was very impressive. A. The painting was too impressive for me to buy it. B. It was so impressive a painting that I had an irresistible urge to buy it. C. So impressive was the painting that I had an irresistible urge to buy. D. It was such an impressive painting that I had an irresistible urge to buy. Question 79: It is expected that tax increases will be announced in tomorrow’s budget. A. Tax increases are expected to be announced in tomorrow’s budget. B. They expected that tax will be increased in tomorrow’s budget. C. Tax increases is expected to announced in tomorrow’s budget. D. They expect that tax increases are announced in tomorrow’s budget Question 80: She is now leading a normal life as a result of all the support she received from social workers. A. Had it not been for the social workers, she wouldn’t be leading such a normal life now. B. Because she receives all the support from social workers, she is leading a normal life now C. If she didn’t receive all the support from social workers, she wouldn’t be leading a normal life now. D. Had she not received so much support from social workers, she wouldn’t be leading such a normal life now. --------THE END-------
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