Lelts writing task 2

TOPIC. WHAT YOU PLAN TO SAY ABOUT THE TOPIC IS CALLED THE CONTROLLING IDEA. "PARENTS CAN PROTECT THEIR TODDLERS BY TAKING CERTAIN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AT HOME."TOPIC: PROTECTING TODDLERS FROM HOME INJURIESCONTROLLING IDEA: TAKING SAFETY PRECAUTIONSYOUR PARAGRAPH WILL BE ABOUT HOW PARENTS CAN BABY-PROOF THEIR HOME. SAMPLE PARAGRAPHThere are those who argue that the internet has had an extremely positive influence on communication. They say this because in the past it was sometimes impossible to call people in other countries on the telephone, but now it is relatively simple to use a program such as Skype to talk to them for free or to send an email. A good example here are the students who go to study abroad and are able to send messages home with no difficulty, when in past they would have had to buy stamps and go to the post office which was much harder and more expensive.SAMPLE PARAGRAPHA strong argument can of course be made from the opposite position. Part of this argument is that countries and nations need to preserve old buildings in order to preserve their heritage. In addition, however, to this cultural argument, there are positive economic benefits in preserving old buildings. An illustration here is Egypt once again, a country which depends on tourism for much of its national income simply because visitors pay to come from other countries to visit its ancient sites. There are several reasons why it can be argued that television has a negative effect on cultural development. Perhaps the principle argument is the lowbrow nature of many programmes, particularly sitcoms and soap operas. People who watch these programmes do not learn anything, they are simply entertained. The other major argument is that because people watch so much television, they no longer take part in more traditional forms of cultural entertainment. An example here is how traditional dancing and music is becoming much less popular because people are staying at home to watch the television.HOW TO DEVELOP A TOPIC SENTENCE INTO A PARAGRAPHSTEP 1: WRITE A TOPIC SENTENCEMany fast-food chains make their profits from adding a special ingredient called "forget sauce" to their foods. STEP 2: If this sentence controls the paragraph that follows, then all sentences in the paragraph must relate in some way to fast food, profit, and "forget sauce":Made largely from edible oil products, this condiment is never listed on the menu.STEP 3: This sentence fits in with the topic sentence because it is a description of the composition of "forget sauce."In addition, this well-kept industry secret is the reason why ingredients are never listed on the packaging of victuals sold by these restaurants. STEP 4: The transitional phrase "In addition" relates the composition of "forget sauce" to secret fast-food industry practices."Forget sauce" has a chemical property which causes temporary amnesia in consumers.STEP 5: Now the paragraph moves on to the short-term effect on consumers:After spending too much money on barely edible food bereft of any nutritional value, most consumers swear they will never repeat such a disagreeable experience.STEP 6: This sentence describes its longer-term effects:Within a short period, however, the chemical in "forget sauce" takes effect, and they can be depended upon to return and spend, older but no wiser.Finally, I finish the paragraph by "proving" the claim contained in the topic sentence, that many fast-food chains make their profits from adding a special ingredient called "forget sauce" to their foods.HOW TO DEVELOP A TOPIC SENTENCE INTO A PARAGRAPHORGANIZING SUPPORTING DETAILS IN PARAGRAPHS Once you have written your catchy topic sentence, its time to add some supporting details to it. Supporting details can include descriptionsfactsexamplesSupporting details are sentences that back up what the topic sentence is saying. A good paragraph may contain three supporting details each detail may be followed up with a comment to further elaborate on your detail.  The more advanced your paragraph writing becomes, the more extras you can add. HELPFUL WORDS FOR ORDERINGYOUR SUPPORTING DETAILS Supporting sentences should all begin differently — usinga variety of vocabulary to specify word order. This is called sentence variety. All paragraphs should contain at least three supporting detail sentences -- they can (but don't have to) start with (especially at more advanced levels):1. first, initially, in the beginning2. second, next, then3. last, finally, in the endEXAMPLETopic Sentence: "My hometown is known for several amazing and natural features." Supporting Details: "First, Fort Lauderdale is noted for its beautiful beaches. Just west of town is the Florida Everglades, a unique national park. The third stunning feature is the natural coral reef located just off the coast." INGREDIENTSEven though not all 3 of the supporting details were numbered, all the necessary ingredients were there: examples were about the three places in Fort Lauderdalebeaches, the Everglades, and coral reefs facts were about their location in Fort Lauderdalewest and off the coast descriptions were about each location: beautiful and unique STAYING ON TOPICThe supporting detail sentences should all refer back to the topic sentence. They should not contain any extra, unnecessary information.Summarize the supporting detail sentences with a conclusion like, "These three landmarks are magnificent and make my hometown a famous place."  Keep your writing organizedso your readers don't get confused! SAMPLE 1Marriages are bigger and more expensive nowadays than in the past. Why is this the case? Is it a positive or negative development?Marriages have become bigger and more expensive for three main reasons. Firstly, people in developed countries are wealthier than their ancestors were in the past. They therefore have more money to spend on weddings, which are seen as one of life’s most important and unforgettable occasions. Secondly, in today’s globalized world, people see photos of celebrity weddings and want to copy them. For example, when Prince William got married here in England, the ceremony was shown on television and many people were influenced by what they saw. Finally, the wedding industry has grown, and many companies have an interest in selling products and services to us, using persuasive marketing techniques.EXPLANATION6 sentencestopic sentence(three reasons)first reason (people are wealthier)Explainsecond reason (influnced by celebrity's wedding)example (Prince William)third reason ( wedding industry's development)Less common wordsAncestor, unforgettable occasion, persuasiveWRITING TASKNowadays, most of the people believe that individuals cannot do something to improve the environment. But governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree?BRAINSTORMINGWhat individuals can do:They can reduce the quantity of wasteReduce using private cars which will reduce gas emissionsUse public transportationPlantingRecycling as much as possibleChoose products with less packaging What governments and large companies can do:Government can introduce strict laws to limit emissionsImpose taxes on taxi drivers and private vehicles Improve the public transportation systemBig companies can provide reusable bags for shoppersBig companies can introduce awareness programs for individualsLarge companies can promote the use of renewable energy resources such as solarESSAY PLANIntroduction: I partially agree. It is a shared responsibility between all partiesBody paragraph 1: environmental damages caused by individualsBody paragraph 2: role of the individualsBody paragraph 3: role of the government and large companiesConclusion: summarize the introduction and restate my opinion againSAMPLE ANSWERIt is widely believed that people have nothing to do to improve the environment and it is the role of the government and large companies only. I partially agree with this statement and In my opinion, I believe that it is a shared responsibility between all concerned groups. No one can deny the fact that individuals are the main cause for air pollution and waste as a result of using private cars and buying consumer products which contains a lot of packaging. the increase of the pollution number is another reason for producing gas emissions through operating a huge number of buses and trains which considered as the main reason of global warming.On the one hand, I believe that individuals can do a lot to improve the environment such as reducing the use of their own private cars and use public transportation instead. This will definitely diminish the gas emissions and reduce the global warming threat. Individuals can also choose products with less packaging and can be taught several ways of recycling as much as possible. They also can launch community planting projects to promote the Green Environment concept among their neighborhood.On the other hand, governments and large companies can take several steps to manage the environment and keep it as uncontaminated as possible. Governments can introduce strict laws to limits emissions such as imposing taxes on private vehicles and taxi drivers to reduce the use of them. The state also has a great rule to improve the public transportation system for individuals so people are encouraged to use it frequently. The state can provide a regular free of charge car maintenance services for new cars and a affordable replacement options for old ones. Large companies have an effective part to help the environment, such as introducing awareness programs to promote the use of renewable resources such as solar. Another role is to provide shoppers with reusable bags as part of their social responsibility towards the society and the environment.To sum it up, I believe it s a shared responsibility between individuals, governments and big companies to help the environment to keep the planet safe for the new generations.